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Objective: To understand the knowledge, attitude, and current status of vaccination of herpes zoster vaccination among urban residents aged 25 years and above in China. Methods: In August to October 2022, a convenience sampling method was used to survey residents aged 25 years and above at 36 community centers in 9 cities across China. Questionnaires were used to collect basic information, knowledge, and attitude toward herpes zoster and its vaccination, as well as vaccination status and reasons for non-vaccination among residents. Results: A total of 2 864 urban residents were included in the study. The total score of residents' cognition of herpes zoster and its vaccine was 3.01±2.08, and the total score of their attitude was 18.25±2.76. Factors such as being male (β=-0.45, P<0.001), older than 40-59 years (β=-0.34, P=0.023) or ≥60 years (β=-0.68, P<0.001), married (β=-0.69, P=0.002) were negatively associated with knowledge score. The educational level of high school or secondary school (β=0.44, P=0.036), college (β=0.65, P=0.006), bachelor's degree and above (β=1.20, P<0.001), annual net household income ≥120 000 Yuan in 2021 (β=0.42, P=0.020), having urban employee medical insurance (β=0.62, P=0.030), having public or commercial medical insurance (β=0.65, P=0.033), and having a history of chickenpox (β=0.29, P=0.025) were positively associated with knowledge scores. Being male (β=-0.38, P=0.008) and not remembering a history of chickenpox (β=-0.49, P=0.012) were negatively associated with attitude scores. Annual net household income in 2021 was between 40 000-80 000 Yuan (β=0.44, P=0.032) or between 80 000-120 000 Yuan (β=0.62, P=0.002) or ≥120 000 Yuan (β=0.93, P<0.001), and a history of herpes zoster (β=0.59, P=0.004) were positively associated with attitude scores. Of the 2 864 residents surveyed, only 29 (1.01%) had received the herpes zoster vaccine, with a vaccination rate of 1.70% for those aged 50 years and above, with the main reason for non-vaccination being lack of knowledge about the herpes zoster vaccine, followed by the high price. 42.67% of the population said they would consider getting the herpes zoster vaccine in the future. Conclusion: Low knowledge of herpes zoster and its vaccine, positive attitudes towards the preventive effects of herpes zoster and its vaccine, and extremely low vaccination rates among the urban population in China call for multiple measures to strengthen health education and vaccination recommendations for residents, especially for the elderly, low-education and low-income populations.
Subject(s)
Aged , Male , Humans , Female , Herpes Zoster Vaccine , Chickenpox , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Urban Population , Herpes Zoster/prevention & control , ChinaABSTRACT
BACKGROUND@#Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome are highly prevalent respiratory conditions. Their coexistence is referred to as the overlap syndrome. They are both related to pulmonary hypertension (PH) development. This study investigated the effects of OSA on PH in patients with COPD and the associated factors.@*METHODS@#Consecutive patients with stable COPD were recruited for an observational cross-sectional study from September 2016 to May 2018 at Peking University Third Hospital. In total, 106 patients with COPD were enrolled and performed home portable monitoring and echocardiography. OSA was defined by an apnea hypopnea index (AHI) ≥10 events/h. Based on OSA absence or presence, patients were divided into the COPD with OSA and COPD without OSA groups. Factors affecting pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and PH were identified using univariate analysis and logistic regression models.@*RESULTS@#In the 106 patients with COPD, the mean age was 69.52 years, 91.5% were men, and the mean forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) percentage of predicted was 56.15%. Fifty-six (52.8%) patients with COPD were diagnosed with OSA, and 24 (22.6%) patients with COPD were diagnosed as PH. Compared with COPD without OSA group, the median PAP in COPD with severe OSA group increased by 5 mmHg (36.00 [26.00-50.00] mmHg vs. 31.00 [24.00-34.00] mmHg, P = 0.036). COPD with percent of night-time spent with oxygen saturation below 90% (T90) > 10% group had higher PAP than COPD with T90 ≤ 1% group (36.00 [29.00-50.00)] mmHg vs. 29.00 [25.50-34.00] mmHg, F = 7.889, P = 0.007). Univariate analysis revealed age, FEV1% predicted, T90, and Charlson index had statistically significant effects on PH. Multiple regression analysis showed a significant and independent effect of both FEV1% predicted (odds ratio [OR] = 3.46; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.15-10.46; P = 0.028) and AHI (OR = 3.20; 95% CI: 1.09-19.35; P = 0.034) on PH.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Patients with COPD with OSA are more susceptible to PH, which is associated with declining lung function and increased severity of OSA. Thus, nocturnal hypoxemia and OSA in elderly patients with COPD should be identified and treated.
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Background@#Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome are highly prevalent respiratory conditions. Their coexistence is referred to as the overlap syndrome. They are both related to pulmonary hypertension (PH) development. This study investigated the effects of OSA on PH in patients with COPD and the associated factors.@*Methods@#Consecutive patients with stable COPD were recruited for an observational cross-sectional study from September 2016 to May 2018 at Peking University Third Hospital. In total, 106 patients with COPD were enrolled and performed home portable monitoring and echocardiography. OSA was defined by an apnea hypopnea index (AHI) ≥10 events/h. Based on OSA absence or presence, patients were divided into the COPD with OSA and COPD without OSA groups. Factors affecting pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and PH were identified using univariate analysis and logistic regression models.@*Results@#In the 106 patients with COPD, the mean age was 69.52 years, 91.5% were men, and the mean forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) percentage of predicted was 56.15%. Fifty-six (52.8%) patients with COPD were diagnosed with OSA, and 24 (22.6%) patients with COPD were diagnosed as PH. Compared with COPD without OSA group, the median PAP in COPD with severe OSA group increased by 5 mmHg (36.00 [26.00–50.00] mmHg vs. 31.00 [24.00–34.00] mmHg, P = 0.036). COPD with percent of night-time spent with oxygen saturation below 90% (T90) > 10% group had higher PAP than COPD with T90 ≤ 1% group (36.00 [29.00–50.00)] mmHg vs. 29.00 [25.50–34.00] mmHg, F = 7.889, P = 0.007). Univariate analysis revealed age, FEV1% predicted, T90, and Charlson index had statistically significant effects on PH. Multiple regression analysis showed a significant and independent effect of both FEV1% predicted (odds ratio [OR] = 3.46; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.15–10.46; P = 0.028) and AHI (OR = 3.20; 95% CI: 1.09–19.35; P = 0.034) on PH.@*Conclusions@#Patients with COPD with OSA are more susceptible to PH, which is associated with declining lung function and increased severity of OSA. Thus, nocturnal hypoxemia and OSA in elderly patients with COPD should be identified and treated.
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To establish a novel colloidal gold immunochromatography assay (GICA) for rapid, sensitive and accurate detection of Haemophilus influenzae infection by using the outer membrane protein P6 as detection target. First, the linear antigen epitope located in the extracellular domain of the P6 protein (GenBank accession number: AGH02799) was predicted by bioinformatics analysis. The region (62-75 aa of the protein) with strong antigen specificity was chosen and synthesized. Two rabbits were then immunized by the polypeptides (14 aa) for production of polyclonal antibodies. Then, the recombinant P6 proteins were also obtained to produce polyclonal antibodies. Finally, based on the two antibodies, a novel colloidal GICA for detection of Haemophilus influenzae infection was established and the specificity, sensitivity, repeatability and stability of this method were evaluated. At the same time, the method was tested in clinical simulation, and the plate culture method was used to verify its accuracy. The test strip for Haemophilus influenzae infection was successfully prepared. The detection limit of the test strip was as low as 1×105 CFU/mL and the whole process can be completed within 15 minutes. The strip specifically recognized Haemophilus influenzae and did not react with nine of other common respiratory pathogens such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Mycoplasma pneumonia, and Legionella pneumophila. And the strips could be stored at 25 °C for at least 6 months without losing sensitivity or specificity. The coincidence rate between the results of 200 clinical samples and the plate culture method was 90.5%. Haemophilus influenzae protein P6, which possessed a high degree of surface antigen accessibility and antigencity, could be used as a marker for Haemophilus influenzae detection. The immunochromatographic colloidal gold test strip which bears the features of rapidity, convenience and sensitivity provides a unique tool for the on-site surveillance and diagnosis of Haemophilus influenzae infection in clinical test.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Rabbits , Chromatography, Affinity , Diagnostic Tests, Routine , Reference Standards , Gold Colloid , Chemistry , Haemophilus Infections , Diagnosis , Haemophilus influenzae , Limit of Detection , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
To prepare polyclonal antibodies (PcAb) against UspA1 of Moraxella catarrhalis (Mc), we used bioinformatic analysis to determine the surface exposed region in this protein that holds the antigen epitopes. Then the corresponding coding sequences for this fragment was artificially synthesized according to the codon usage of Escherichia coli. The gene fragment was then subcloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pET-28a(+) and expressed in E. coli rosseta (DE3), and then the recombinant UspA1-His proteins were purified. Two New Zealand white rabbits were immunized with this protein to prepare antiserum. The resulting PcAb was then purified from the antiserum with Protein A affinity column. The results of fluorescence antibody assay, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and Western blotting analysis showed that the PcAb could specifically recognize the surface exposed region of UspA1 on Mc. The preparation of the PcAb laid a foundation of further development of rapid detection technique for M. catarrhalis.
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Objective:To explore the feassibility to edit human p53 and PTEN,two tumor suppressor genes,by CRISPR-Cas9 technology and to evaluate the editing efficiency in vitro,and to provide the experimental study tools for transforming primary healthy cells into malignant tumor cells and establishment of humanized mouse models with human oncogenesis in vivo.Methods:The single-guide RNA(sgRNA)sequences were designed to target the common exon regions of p53 and PTEN mRNA isoforms based on software analysis,that could predict their gene editing efficiency.The sgRNAs with high scores were selected and cloned into Cas9-P2A-GFP plasmid to construct sgRNA-Cas9-P2A-GFP vector that co-expressed sgRNA,Cas9 and GFP.The 293T cells in logarithmic growth phase were transfected with the sgRNA-Cas9-P2A-GFP vector(experimental group)or PBS(control group)by Lipofectamine 2000.After two-week expansion,the GFP-positive 293T cells were purified by flow cytometric sorter,whose genomic DNA was extracted for further analysis.The DNA fragments containing the sgRNA targeting site were amplified from the extracted genomic DNA by PCR and purified by gel extraction.Then they were linked into the pEASY-Blunt Zero cloning vector and transformed into competent E.coli cells.The single colonies formed by pEASY-Blunt Zero vector transformed cells were used to extract the plasmid for DNA sequencing.And the sequencing results of control group and experimental group were compared to judge the gene editing efficiency.Results:Over 82% of the sgRNA-Cas9-P2A-GFP transfected cells were found to express GFP gene after flow sorting in experimental group,which was significantly higher than that of the pre-sorted cells(P<0.05).Genomic DNA was extracted from the sorted cells after expansion and used as PCR template.The length of the amplified fragments containing the p53 mutation site was 612 bp,while the lengths of the amplified fragments containing the PTEN-1/PTEN-2 mutation site were 667 and 947 bp.The results of sequencing showed that the efficiency of editing induced by p53-1,p53-2 and PTEN-2 sgRNA were 54.5%,45.5% and 33.3%,respectively. Conclusion:The sgRNAs p53-1,p53-2 and PTEN-2 designed for p53 and PTEN can successfully guide Cas9-mediated site-specific genome editing with high efficiency at the genome level.
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Cervical cancer is a complex disease caused by both genetic susceptibility and environmental factors. Inherited genomic variance, high-risk human papilloma virus (HPV) infection/integration, genome methylation and somatic mutation could all constitute one machine learning model, laying the ground for molecular classification and the precision medicine of cervical cancer. Therefore, for cervical screening, next generation sequencing (NGS)-based HPV DNA and other molecular tests as well as dynamic machine learning models would accurately predict patients with potential to develop the cancer, thereby reducing the burden of repeated screening. Meantime, genome-editing tools targeting HPV would emerge as the next generation gene therapy for HPV-related cervical lesions. In this article, we review the substantial progress on molecular mechanism of cervical cancer development and suggest the future for precise prevention and early treatment of cervical cancer.
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Female , Humans , Early Detection of Cancer , Mass Screening , Papillomaviridae , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms , Diagnosis , Therapeutics , VirologyABSTRACT
Viral infections cause at least 10%-15% of all human carcinomas. Over the last century, the elucidation of viral oncogenic roles in many cancer types has provided fundamental knowledge on carcinogenetic mechanisms and established a basis for the early intervention of virus-related cancers. Meanwhile, rapidly evolving genome-editing techniques targeting viral DNA/RNA have emerged as novel therapeutic strategies for treating virus-related carcinogenesis and have begun showing promising results. This review discusses the recent advances of genome-editing tools for treating tumorigenic viruses and their corresponding cancers, the challenges that must be overcome before clinically applying such genome-editing technologies, and more importantly, the potential solutions to these challenges.
Subject(s)
Humans , Antiviral Agents , Therapeutic Uses , CRISPR-Cas Systems , Carcinoma , Genetics , Therapeutics , Virology , Gene Editing , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Genetic Therapy , Methods , Tumor Virus InfectionsABSTRACT
Objective At present, there is no study on effect of levetiracetam(LEV) on the gray matter structure remodeling in benign epilepsy children with central temporal spikes(BECTS).The purpose of this study was to study the influence of LEV on the gray matter structure in BECTS and to evaluate the mechanism of LEV on the brain structure of BECTS through using voxel-based MRI morphological(VBM) methods.Methods From January 2014 to September 2016, twenty-four BECTS treated with LEV(LEV group), twenty-four drug-na?ve BECTS(untreated group) and twenty-four normal children(normal group) consulted in department of Neurology, Nanjing Children′s Hospital and the Nanjing Military Region, Nanjing General Hospital were continuously included to receive three-dimensional T1-weighted imaging with 3T MRI and the gray matter volume was calculated by VBM.We compared the difference of grey matter volumes of the three groups and analyzed their correlation with epilepsy duration, age of onset and medication time and other clinical index.Results Compared with the normal group, the grey matter volume of bilateral thalamus were decreased, and the volume of bilateral Rolandic areas, anterior insula/frontal operculum/frontal triangle, left supplementary motor area, paracentral lobule, precentral gyrus, superior frontal gyrus and right middle frontal gyrus were increased in the untreated group, but the grey matter volume of the bilateral Rolandic areas, frontal operculum and left supplementary motor area were decreased in the LEV group.Compared with the untreated group, the grey matter volume of bilateral supplementary motor, left paracentral lobule, precentral gyrus, bilateral anterior insula/frontal operculum/frontal triangle, left superior frontal gyrus and right middle frontal gyrus in the LEV group were decreased.The grey matter volume of left anterior insula/frontal operculum areas was negatively correlated with the medication time in LEV group(r=-0.527, P<0.01).Conclusion T The mainly representations of BECTS are thalamic gray matter damage and epileptic-related cortical area irritation structural abnormalities, but the LEV could reshape the epilepsy-related cortical area and the gray matter in the brain area associated with clinical symptoms.
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OBJECTIVE:To observe therapeutic efficacy and safety of budesonide and formoterol in the treatment of acute exacerbation of mild to moderate asthma.METHODS:A total of 89 patients with acute exacerbation of mild to moderate asthma were randomized divded into study group (45 cases) and control group (44 cases).Study group was given Budesonide and formoterol dry powder inhalation,one inhalation,q6 h,gargling 5 times after inhalation,6 inhalation per day at most+Montelukast tablet 10 mg orally,once a day.Control group received Prednisone tablet 25 mg orally after breakfast,once a day,d1-5+Theophylline sustained-release capsule 0.2 g,twice a day+Montelukast tablet 10 mg,once a day in the evening.Both groups were treated for 5 d.Acute AQLQ score,FEV1,PEF％pred and SpO2 were observed in 2 groups before and after treatment,and the occurrence of ADR was recorded.RESULTS:Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in acute AQLQ score,FEV1,PEF％pred or SpO2 between 2 groups(P＞0.05).After treatment,acute AQLQ score,FEV1,PEF％pred and SpO2 of 2 groups were significantly higher than before treatment,with statistical significance (P＜0.05),but there was no statistical significance between 2 groups (P＞ 0.05).There was statistical significance in the incidence of ADR between 2 group(P＜0.05).CONCLUSIONS:Budesonide and formoterol can improve pulmonary ventilation function and prognosis in patients with acute exacerbation of mild to moderate asthma with good safety.
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Objective To observe the effect of Nalmefene on postoperative recovery on neonates by laparoscopic pyloromyotomy. Methods Elective laparoscopic pyloromyotomy for 60 neonates under general anestheisa, aged 15 ~ 28 days, ASA Ⅱ~Ⅲ , were randomly divided into two groups: Nalmefene group (M group) and Naloxone group (L group), 30 cases in each. Nalmefene 0.25 μg/kg and Naloxone 1.00 μg/kg were respectively administrated in M group and L group when the procedures finished. Parameters SpO2, MAP, HR and RR were measured and analyzed statistically at different times: end of surgery before drugs were used (T0), 10 min after administration (T1), 30 mins after extubation (T2) and 2 h after extubation (T3). Meanwhile observing spontaneous breathing recovery time, extubation time, residence time at PACU and adverse events 24 s after surgery. Results There were no actual differences in the value of MAP, HR and SpO2 at T0, T1, T2 and T3 times in the two groups (P > 0.05). However, the values of RR was significant faster at T1, T2 and T3 times than that at T0 in both groups (P < 0.05), compared with L group, the value of RR at T1 was much faster in M group (P < 0.05). The times of extubation and residence at PACU have significant differences in M group than that in L group (P < 0.05). The adverse events in both groups have no differences. Conclusion Nalmefene can facilitate the recovery at laparoscopic pyloromyotomy on neonates. Compared with naloxone, it can reduce the extubation time, and promote the early rehabilitation.
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Objective To determine the prevalence and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) among citizens in Ningbo. Methods A multi-stage stratified random sampling was applied to select 8 neighborhoods and 3 villages out of 7 districts in Ningbo, people who were older than or equal to 40 years were enrolled as subjects. Information on the prevalence rate and treatment conditions of COPD was collected through respiratory symptoms and treatment questionnaire and lung function screening. Results A total of 5865 people were screened, 5674 of them met inclusion criteria and completed questionnaire and lung function test. Among whom, 3044 people were men (53.6%, the average age is 55.7±11.4), 2630 women (46.4%, the average age was 55.3 ± 10.7);473 of them were diagnosed with COPD, the overall prevalence rate was 8.3%, including 354 cases who had never been diagnosed as COPD, accounted for 74.8% of the total cases diagnosed with COPD, mainly in stage ⅠandⅡof the disease. There were statistically significant differences between diagnosed and undiagnosed patients in the overall COPD group and among different gender groups ( stagesⅠandⅡ) and (stagesⅢandⅣ). Among the 473 COPD cases, 119 (diagnostic yield 25.2%) of whom had been diagnosed with bronchitis, only 48 (41.2%of the diagnosed) received drug treatment, only 13 patients were treated regularly with medication. Conclusion The overall prevalence rate of COPD among those over 40 years of age in Ningbo was quite high and mainly had stagesⅠandⅡof the disease. The number of the diagnostic yield and those who received regular treatment are quite low. The current situation of diagnosis and treatment are far from satisfaction, management of COPD should be strengthened to reduce the burden for family and society.
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Objective: Propofol is a new anesthetic agent in clinical practice, but randomized double-blinded prospective studies on its role in pediatric anesthesia remain limited. We aimed to compare the preventive effects of pre-injected lidocaine or ketamine and its pre-mixture on the anesthesia-induced injection pain of propofol using a randomized double-blinded prospective method, and to compare the outcomes with those of medium-/long-chain propofol [M/LCT]
Methods: A total of 360 pediatric patients [aged 5-12 years old] who received elective surgery were randomly divided into six groups [n= 60] as follows. S group: control group; L group: lidocaine group; L + P group: lidocaine + propofol group; K group: ketamine group; K + P group: ketamine + propofol group; M group: M/LCT group. After the drug fluid completely entered the cubital vein, the venous access was closed. During propofol injection, the injection pain was scored using the VRS 4-point scale. Meanwhile, the heart rates before and during injection were recorded, the adverse reactions during and after injection were observed, and the incidence rate and degree of pain were evaluated
Results: The VRS 4-point scale showed that the incidence rates of injection pain of S group, L group, L + P group, K group, K + P group and M group were 78.3%, 66.67%, 51.66%, 43.33%, 48.33% and 45% respectively. The incidence rates of injection pain of all experimental groups were significantly lower than that of S group [P<0.01]. The incidence rates of injection pain of L + P group, K group, K + P group and M group were significantly lower than that of L group [P<0.05]. The differences among the other groups were not statistically significant
Conclusions: Intravenous pre-injection of lidocaine, ketamine or those mixed with propofol can all significantly reduce the incidence rate of injection pain of propofol
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Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and free radicals cause oxidative stress, which induces cellular injuries, metabolic dysfunction, and even cell death in various clinical abnormalities. Fullerene (C60) is critical for scavenging oxygen free radicals originated from cell metabolism, and reduced glutathione (GSH) is another important endogenous antioxidant. In this study, a novel water-soluble reduced glutathione fullerene derivative (C60-GSH) was successfully synthesized, and its beneficial roles in protecting against H2O2-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in cultured HEK 293T cells were investigated. Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy and (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance were used to confirm the chemical structure of C60-GSH. Our results demonstrated that C60-GSH prevented the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated cell damage. Additionally, C60-GSH pretreatment significantly attenuated H2O2-induced superoxide dismutase (SOD) consumption and malondialdehyde (MDA) elevation. Furthermore, C60-GSH inhibited intracellular calcium mobilization, and subsequent cell apoptosis via bcl-2/bax-caspase-3 signaling pathway induced by H2O2 stimulation in HEK 293T cells. Importantly, these protective effects of C60-GSH were superior to those of GSH. In conclusion, these results suggested that C60-GSH has potential to protect against H2O2-induced cell apoptosis by scavenging free radicals and maintaining intracellular calcium homeostasis without evident toxicity.
Subject(s)
Humans , Antioxidants , Pharmacology , Apoptosis , Calcium , Metabolism , Caspase 3 , Genetics , Metabolism , Cell Survival , Fullerenes , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Gene Expression Regulation , Glutathione , Pharmacology , HEK293 Cells , Hydrogen Peroxide , Pharmacology , Ion Transport , Malondialdehyde , Metabolism , Oxidative Stress , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 , Genetics , Metabolism , Reactive Oxygen Species , Metabolism , Signal Transduction , Superoxide Dismutase , Metabolism , bcl-2-Associated X Protein , Genetics , MetabolismABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the clinical effects of external fixator combined with limited internal fixation in the treatment of pediatric distal femur fractures.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2008 to June 2014, 17 children of distal femur fractures were treated by external fixator combined with limited internal fixation. There were 12 males and 5 females, aged from 6 to 13 years old with an average of 10.2 years, ranged in the course of disease from 1 h to 2 d. Preoperative diagnoses were confirmed by X-ray films in all children. There were 11 patients with supracondylar fracture , and 6 patients with intercondylar comminuted fracture. According to AO/ASIF classification, 9 fractures were type A1, 5 cases were type A2,and 3 cases were type C1. The intraoperative and postoperative complications, postoperative radiological examination, lower limbs length and motion of knee joints were observed. Knee joint function was assessed by KSS score.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the patients were followed up from 6 to 38 months with an average of 24.4 months. No nerve or blood vessel injury was found. One case complicated with the external fixation loosening, 2 cases with the infection of pin hole and 3 cases with the leg length discrepancy. Knee joint mobility and length measurement (compared with the contralateral), the average limited inflexion was 10 degrees (0 degrees to 20 degrees), the average limited straight was 4 degrees (0 degrees to 10), the average varus or valgus angle was 3 degrees (0 degrees to 5 degrees). KSS of the injured side was (96.4 +/- 5.0) points at final follow-up, 16 cases got excellent results and 1 good. All fractures obtained healing and no epiphyseal closed early was found.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>External fixator combined with limited internal fixation has advantages of simple operation, reliable fixation, early functional exercise in treating pediatric distal femurs fractures.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , External Fixators , Femoral Fractures , General Surgery , Femur , Wounds and Injuries , General Surgery , Fracture Fixation, Internal , Internal FixatorsABSTRACT
Objective To observe the impact of Dezocine used before end of operation on postoperative recovery and safety effect on postoperative pain in children receiving laparoscopic appendectomy. Methods 60 ASAⅠ ~ Ⅱcases of aged 4~10 yr, underwent laparoscopic appendectomy, were randomly divided into 3 groups: Dezocine group (D group), Fentanyl group (F group) and control group (normal saline group), 20 cases in each group. Remifentanil combined with Propofol and Sevoflurane was given for conducting endotracheal intubation general anesthesia. At 30 min before the end of operation, D group was given Dezocine 0.10 mg/kg, while F group fentanyl 1.0 μg/kg, and the control group was given same volume of normal saline. 5 min before the end of the operation anesthetics disabled, then extubation until children open eyes on call and spontaneous breathing recovered satisfactorily. Observe and record MAP, HR, SPO2 and respiration rate (RR) at different times:drug withdrawal, extubation and 5 min after ex﹣tubation, while also record extubation time, Riker sedation-agitation scores and face, legs, activity, cry and consola﹣bility (FLACC) scores and adverse reactions in the recovery period (within 30 min after extubation). Results MAP and HR at extubation and 5 min after extubation in N group and F group were higher than that in D group (P 0.05). The Riker sedation-agitation scores and the FLACC scores at 30 min after extubation in D group were significantly lower than those in the F and N groups (P<0.05), adverse reaction such as respiratory inhi﹣bition, nausea, vomiting, lethargy, headache were not found in the 3 groups. Conclusion Intravenous Dezocine before the end of operation in children's laparoscopic operation can make awake quickly and smoothly, allow small hemo﹣dynamic changes, and can reduce postoperative pain and restlessness.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study on the reliability of the Akagi line as a reference axis to guide for rotational alignment of the proximal tibial component in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) the rotational alignment reference bony landmarks of the proximal tibial component on magnetic resonance image (MRI) were measured.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2010 to December 2013, 80 normal knees of Chinese volunteers including 35 males and 45 females with an average age of (35.4±6.1) years were reviewed. The images of the knees were obtained by MRI. The surgical epicondylar axis (STEA) was identified in the femoral transverse sections and then was projected to the side of tibia, forming the SETA'. A line connecting the medial border of the patellar tendon and the middle of the posterior cruciate ligament insertion (Akagi line) and its vertical line (AK), as well as a line connecting the medial 1/3 of the patellar tendon and the middle of the posterior cruciate ligament insertion and its vertical line (AP), were identified in the tibial transverse sections. The angles were measured between the AK, AP and STEA'.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The angle between AK and STEA' was (0.59±2.07)°, and there was no significant difference between the two lines (t=-2.54, P=0.13). The mean angle between AP and STEA' was (3.21±2.04)°, and there was a significant difference between the two lines (t=14.05, P<0.05). There was a significant difference between the AK and AP (t=-11.68, P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The reliability of the Akagi line as a reference axis to guide for rotational alignment of the proximal tibial component in TKA is good.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee , Methods , Reproducibility of Results , Rotation , Tibia , General SurgeryABSTRACT
AlM:To investigate the protective effect of astaxanthin (AST) on human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells against oxidative damage induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).METHODS:Human RPE cells were subcultured, cell activity was detected by MTT, rate of apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and cell ultrastructure changes were observed under transmission electron microscope. RESULTS: MTT results showed that cell activity elevated to ( 53. 66%± 3. 25% and 70. 43%± 2. 38% after 10-8 mol/L and 10-4 mol/L AST treated. The difference had statistically significant (P<0. 05) compared with oxidative injury group (38. 76%± 3. 74%). Flow cytometry results showed that the apoptosis rate of RPE cells decreased to 30. 23%± 1. 91% and 12. 58%± 2. 12% in AST pretreated group, the difference was significant (P<0. 05) compared with oxidative injury group ( 42. 50%± 1. 94%); Electron microscopy showed that the morphology of cells gradually improved accompanied with the concentration of AST elevated.CONCLUSlON:AST may inhibit hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis of RPE cells, it can provide reliable evidence for pursue effective medicine to prevent and treat retina injury.
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Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of HPV16-E7 gene specific CRISPR/Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat/CRISPR associated system) on the cell apoptosis and proliferation of human cervical cancer SiHa cell line.Methods HPV16 positive cervical cancer SiHa cells and HPV16 negative human embryonic kidney HEK293 cells were cultured and each of the cells were divided into 3 groups respectively in the experiment:the control group was untreated,the C9 group was transfected only with Cas9 plasmid,and the Cri group was cotransfected with guide RNA (gRNA) plasmid and Cas9 plasmid (1∶3).T-7endonuclease Ⅰ assay was used to detect double strand break (DSB) formation in SiHa cells.The apoptosis rates of SiHa and HEK293 cells were detected by flow cytometry (FCM).CCK-8 was used to evaluate the proliferation of SiHa and HEK293 cells.Western blotting was applied to detect E7 and pRb protein expression.Results The SiHa cells in Cri group showed DSB formation at 48 h after transfection.The apoptosis rate of Cri group at 48 h was 26.6％,higher than 2.6％ in control group (x2 =5.455,P =0.020) and 3.1％ in C9 group (x2 =6.279,P =0.012).The apoptosis rates of control,C9 and Cri group were 7.4％,7.6％,7.9％ for HEK293 cells respectively.Compared with the control and C9 group,the apoptosis rate of the Crigroup showed no statistical significance (x2 =0.032,P =0.858;x2 =0.034,P =0.853).After 72 h transfection,the inhibition rate of SiHa cells in Cri group was 29.4％,higher than 15.0％ in control group (x2 =22.481,P =0.000) and 18.0％ in C9 group (x2 =24.879,P =0.000).The inhibition rate of the HEK293 cells in Cri group was 3.2％,and it showed no significant difference compared with the inhibition rate of C9 group (2.2％,x2 =2.857,P =0.091) and control group (2.3％,x2 =3.438,P =0.064) respectively.Down-regulated expression of E7 protein and up-regulated expression of pRb protein were detected of the SiHa cells in Cri group compared with the control group,while the E7 protein and pRb protein level did not show difference in the C9 group.Conclusion CRISPR specifically targeting HPV16-E7 oncogene can promote apoptosis of SiHa cells,and inhibit the cell proliferation.It is speculated that CRISPR system may induce DSB event of E7 gene,and result into increased expression of tumor suppressor protein pRb.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the clinical symptom and effect of arthroscopic treatment of symptomatic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) cysts of the knee.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data from 12 symptomatic ACL cysts patients from January 2005 to December 2010 were retrospectively analyzed,including 8 males and 4 females,with an average age of (33.7±9.5) years old (ranged, 19 to 53 years old). The locations were the left knee in 5 cases and the right knee in 7 cases. The disease duration ranged from 3 to 48 months,with a mean of (15.8±13.2) months. All cysts were arthroscopically resected. Range of motion was measured preoperatively and postoperatively, and Lysholm scoring system was used to evaluate the knee function.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the incisions healed by first intention, and no complications occurred. Twelve patients were followed up for an average of (32.3±6.6) months(ranged, 24 to 48 months). The symptoms of arthralgia,swelling and interlocking of the affected knees disappeared. There was no recurrence during the follow-up. There were significant differences in the range of motion and Lysholm score between pre-operation and post-operation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Arthroscopic surgery, showing its advantages of minimal invasion and rapid recovery,is an effective measure in the treatment of ACL cysts.</p>